![]() ![]() The vibrations produce sound waves that travel through the throat, nose, and mouth, which act as resonating cavities to modulate the sound. The vocal folds snap together while air from the lungs blows past, making them vibrate. When it's time to speak, however, the brain orchestrates a series of events. When we're not speaking, the vocal folds are open so that we can breathe. The larynx is located between the base of the tongue and the top of the trachea, which is the passageway to the lungs (see figure). The sound of our voice is produced by vibration of the vocal folds, which are two bands of smooth muscle tissue that are positioned opposite each other in the larynx. Hoarseness is often a symptom of problems in the vocal folds of the larynx. If you are hoarse, your voice will sound breathy, raspy, or strained, or will be softer in volume or lower in pitch. Structures involved in speech and voice production Congressional Testimony and the NIDCD Budget.Research Training in NIDCD Laboratories (Intramural).Types of Research Training Funding Opportunities.About NIDCD's Research Training Program.Scientific Workshop and Meeting Reports.Building a Diverse Scientific Workforce.Ultimately, the reasons we perceive vocal fry as expressive in women and not in men won’t be explained by physiology or in hertz the way we respond to our favorite pop singers’ voices will always come down to what we expect from them. (Mariah Carey, the researchers point out, registers at 3,135.96 Hz.) Vocal fry comes into our ears at the low end of the acoustic spectrum at 70 Hz, which is practically impossible to hear without a microphone. We measure our ability to hear music in terms of pitch, which is measured in hertz our normal listening range extends from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. ![]() The researchers also provided an explanation for why vocal fry is such a prominent phenomenon in pop: It produces such a low sound that it has to be consistently amplified. The tone is by no means a natural one - although many people use it so often that it seems that way - so using it requires some intentionality on the singer’s part. To achieve this tone, singers need to make their vocal cords slack and compact air that’s pushed through moves more slowly, bubbling out and forming the characteristic low popping sound. If you slow it down, vocal fry is a burst of sound punctuated by moments of silence, shorter than the time it takes to blink an eye. The physiology of vocal fry sheds some light on why it might be considered especially expressive. “You don’t hear a classical opera singer who has to sing microphone to a 4,000-person audience using vocal fry,” Nix says, “but someone who has a microphone next to their mouth does use it.” It makes sense, then, that Ariana Grande would use the technique to crackle sensually at the beginning of every verse on “ Let Me Love You,” in the same way Rihanna does in “This Is What You Came For,” Alessia Cara does on “Here,” and Kesha does in every Kesha song ever. What’s interesting is that vocal fry’s seemingly gendered effect in music - that it’s considered more expressive in women - seems to finally make a positive case for its use. The vocal fry double standard is nothing new: Women who use it in their normal speaking voices have been criticized for sounding incompetent and untrustworthy, while male voices have largely been spared, even though it’s been documented in men as well (even Ira Glass has admitted to it). ![]()
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